Abstract: In order to explore the evolution path of China's optimal financial structure, a new classical growth model is built to analyze the dynamic evolution characteristics of the optimal financial structure with the endowment structure. With panel quantile technology, this paper explores the evolutionary characteristics of the financial structure gap in economic growth and the marginal effect of total factor productivity and analyzes the relative evolution of the economic pull effect of the development of the bank and the stock market with The improvement of the economic development level furthermore based on the data of 30 provinces and cities from 1990 to 2015. The results show that the financial structure gap is negatively correlated with economic growth and total factor productivity and this indicates that the optimal financial structure is present, along with the? improvement of economic development level, The economic growth effect of Banks is falling, and the economic growth effect of stock market is gradually rising,this show that the optimal financial structure is evolving towards the direction of the market-oriented.