Abstract: New quality productivity forces, with innovation as its core, represents a new stage in the development of productivity and is characterized by high technology, high efficiency and high quality. New quality combat capability is a new direction for the development of military power, emphasizing the application of scientific and technological innovation in the military field and the transformation of combat methods. It has the characteristics of intelligence, informatization, networking, globality, integrity and durability. This study defined the connotation and characteristics of new quality productivity forces and combat capability, systematically discussed the mechanism of strategic capability generation in emerging fields, and drew on the system coupling theory to propose five development models of “indirect coupling, factor coupling, control coupling, public coupling, and content coupling” for the integration and mutual promotion of new-quality productivity forces and combat capability. The study proposed policy recommendations such as consolidating the legal basis, improving organizational guarantees, innovating work mechanisms, building industrial carriers, and stimulating scientific and technological power, so as to promote the integration and mutual promotion of new quality productivity forces and combat capability, and infuse strong impetus into the construction of integrated national strategies and strategic capabilities.