Abstract: In the current field of education, digital transformation has become a key driving force for the development of education. The process of digitalization of education in China has spawned a large number of educational data resources, the digital transformation of education itself relies on huge amounts of educational data. The actual needs of the current educational data classification and hierarchical governance system are reflected in three aspects, including the actual need to balance the private information of educational individuals and the value of educational data, the actual need to improve the educational data security protection model, and the actual need to optimize the educational data governance specification architecture. Educational data needs to be classified and managed based on three standards: education field, application scenarios, data sources and data processors of educational data. Educational data can be divided into three types: educational individual data, educational public data and educational non-public data. It is necessary to clearly distinguish between public and private law governance models in terms of normative concepts, and to conduct hierarchical governance of educational data based on the standards of impact objects and influence degrees in terms of normative elements, and design different governance systems for different types of data. In the end, a governance system for classification and grading of educational data should be established to improve the efficiency of educational data governance and assist in the realization of digital transformation.